Three new Arab sites have just made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage list reflecting the global recognition of their heritage. They include:
1. Monastery of Saint Hilarion/Tell Umm Amer, Palestine
Located in the Gaza Strip, it’s widely recognised as one of the oldest historical sites in the Middle East. The Monastery of Saint Hilarion is a significant example of early monastic life and architecture, and offers a glimpse into the early history of the Christian region. The monastery complex includes a series of chapels, living quarters as well as a church, and represents the rich cultural and religious heritage of Palestine.
2. Umm el-Jimal City, Jordan
Umm el-Jimal is a remarkable archaeological site showcasing a blend of Nabataean, Roman, and Byzantine architecture. It is located in a water-scarce region, demonstrating the inhabitants’ ability to adapt and thrive in challenging environments. The site includes well-preserved buildings, churches, and ancient infrastructure, reflecting the area’s historical and cultural importance.
3. Cultural Landscape of Al Faw Archaeological Area, Saudi Arabia
Al Faw, one of the largest archaeological sites in Saudi Arabia, contains the remnants of ancient human settlements. It offers invaluable insights into the early history of the Arabian Peninsula, including its social, economic, and cultural development. The recognition of this city underscores the remarkable state of preservation of the site’s stone structures and fortifications; and is a testament to the region’s historical richness and the sophistication of its early inhabitants.
Celebrating Jeddah’s 10 Years on the UNESCO World Heritage list
Historic Jeddah, also known as Al-Balad, was inscripted as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014, and celebrates its 10th anniversary this year. Known for its distinctive architecture, including 650 heritage buildings, including the iconic Jeddah Wall, Al-Balad serves as a living museum that showcases the rich cultural heritage of Saudi Arabia.
Al-Balad has been a crucial trading hub for centuries, linking various civilisations and cultures. Its strategic location along the Red Sea made it a gateway for pilgrims heading to Mecca and a centre for commerce. The area’s unique architectural style, with its blend of Islamic and traditional Arabian designs, reflects the cultural diversity that has flourished in Jeddah over the years.
It has been recognised across four main pillars under the UNESCO program, including:
- Archaeology and excavation – The Jeddah Wall, and gates
- Intangible cultural heritage
- Historic buildings – Multiple historic mosques, and a historic school
- Urban fabric – Five key historic markets, notable streets, and squares
With more areas in the Middle East being recognised under the UNESCO list, it’s important to recognise the value this brings the destinations it serves.
Why a UNESCO listing matters?
The UNESCO World Heritage status recognises the cultural, historical and natural worth of areas, buildings, or sites that are ‘considered to be of outstanding value to humanity’. This status means growth in many areas of the country and for tourism, including:
- Enhanced tourism
Being listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site increases global awareness and interest, drawing tourists from around the world. Travellers will be drawn to UNESCO sites for their authentic and unique experiences. For example, visiting Historic Jeddah offers a chance to walk through narrow alleys lined with ancient buildings, visit traditional markets, and experience the vibrant cultural life that characterises the region in an authentic way.
- Economic growth
The influx of tourists generates substantial economic benefits for the local community and the wider region. Increased visitor numbers lead to the development of hospitality and service industries, creating job opportunities and promoting local businesses. For Al-Balad, this has meant a rejuvenation of the area, with new investments in infrastructure and preservation efforts.
- Preservation and conservation
UNESCO listing also brings attention to the need for preserving and conserving these areas. It encourages both local and international efforts to protect and maintain the cultural and historical integrity of the sites. As part of the UNESCO organisation there is a wider focus on conservation initiatives that can restore and maintain unique architecture using traditional materials.
